Isfahan

ISFAHAN or Esfahan (formerly Aspadana), former capital of Persia, in Iraq-Adjemi, 315 km (196 miles) south of Tehran, by 32° 39′ north latitude and 49° 24′ east longitude, population about 60 000. Isfahan is surrounded by groves, orchards, wheat fields and vineyards, in a vast plain watered by the Zeinderud. Three massive bridges span across this river. Spacious and beautiful gardens can be found in the surroundings. The main square, called Maidan-i-Shah⁽¹⁾, measures over 15 acres. On its sides stand two beautiful mosques and imposing buildings formerly occupied by officers of the court, but nowadays ruined and desolate. In the southern part of the city is a large promenade called Chaharbagh, composed of eight gardens, comprising palaces and fountains. The Hussein College, the Shah Mosque and Ali Qapu Palace, three floor high, are among the most beautiful buildings. The grand bazaar of Shah Abbas contains hundreds of shops, which today are vacant. Trade and Industry of Isfahan, once very important, have decreased considerably. The city made its appearance in history as early as the third century. It was taken by Tamerlane in 1387. in 1673, the traveller Jean Chardin found a population of 600 000 souls. It was almost completely destroyed by the Afghans in 1722. Although in ruins, Isfahan is still the largest and most beautiful city of Persia.
 
Extract from the Trousset encyclopedia, 1886 – 1891.
 
1) Today Naghsh-e Jahan Square.